As caregivers, we often wonder why children behave the way they do — why some struggle to focus, why others are so anxious or can't seem to calm down. What if I told you that part of the answer lies in something we can’t see: the chemicals in their brains?

These special chemicals are called neurotransmitters, and they play a huge role in mood, sleep, energy, and behavior. Let’s break down what you need to know in plain language.

 What Are Neurotransmitters?

Neurotransmitters are the brain’s chemical messengers. They carry signals between brain cells and help control how we think, feel, and respond. Think of them like a group of superheroes, each with their own job to do:

• Dopamine = Focus, motivation, reward
  
  
• Serotonin = Mood, sleep, calm
  
  
• Norepinephrine = Energy, alertness
  
  
• GABA = Relaxation, balance
  
  
• Glutamate = Learning, memory
  
  

When these chemicals are out of balance, kids might show signs like inattention, mood swings, aggression, or trouble calming down.

 Where Do These Chemicals Come From?

Neurotransmitters are made from amino acids (building blocks from food) with the help of enzymes and cofactors (like vitamins and minerals). Here’s a quick guide:

When a child doesn’t get enough of these cofactors (from food or supplements), neurotransmitter production may slow down.

 What Gets in the Way?

Kids from hard places, trauma backgrounds, or with certain conditions (like ADHD, autism, or FASD) may struggle with neurotransmitter balance. Common roadblocks include:

• Poor gut health (less nutrient absorption)
  
  
• Chronic stress (burns through nutrients faster)
  
  
• Genetics (some kids don’t process nutrients as easily)
  
  
• Restricted diets or picky eating
  
  
• Exposure to substances in utero
  
  

 What Caregivers Can Do

You don’t have to be a neuroscientist to support your child’s brain chemistry. Here are some practical tips:

1. Feed the Brain: Offer protein-rich foods (like eggs, nuts, lean meats) and colorful fruits and veggies for vital vitamins and minerals.
   
   
2. Consider Supplements: Talk to a pediatrician, therapist, or naturopath about B6, magnesium, or omega-3s.
   
   
3. Support Sleep & Routines: Sleep helps regulate neurotransmitters naturally.
   
   
4. Prioritize Connection: Safe, loving relationships reduce stress chemicals and boost calming neurotransmitters like GABA and serotonin.
   
   
5. Limit Processed Foods: Sugar and artificial additives can impact brain chemistry.
   
   

 Bonus: A Kid-Friendly Way to Explain It

“Your brain has tiny messengers that help you feel calm, happy, or focused. When they’re low or tired, your body might feel yucky or your feelings might get big. We can help your brain messengers with good food, rest, and hugs!” 

Understanding neurotransmitters doesn’t mean you have to fix everything. However, having this knowledge gives you a powerful tool to approach your child’s needs with compassion and curiosity, rather than confusion or blame.

You’re doing the hard work of healing. Keep going.